作者：Shih-Chieh; Changmammaryremovingmetastasisinvolvementcarcinomaslikelyprogesteroneremovedlymphaticdistant
摘要：<正>Mammary tumors are the most common tumors in female dogs and about more than 50%are malignant.To date,surgical removal is still the most common treatment for dogs with most type of mammary tumors.Surgical techniques for removing mammary tumors depend on the extent of tumor involvement.They include lumpectomy(that is removal of the tumor only),simple mastecomty(that is removal of the affected gland only),modified radical mastectomy(that is removal of the affected glands and associated lymph nodes),and radical mastectomy(that is removal of the entire mammary chain and associated lymph nodes).These procedures are determined according
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